Abstract Detail

Crops and Wild Relatives

Egan, Ashley N. [1], Lim, H.C. [2], Miller, Theresa L. [3].

Assessing genomic diversity via whole genome resequencing in bean cultivars (Phaseolus L. spp.) from Brazil, a putative secondary center of diversity.

Pulse crops, such as the lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) and the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), are critical components of human health and the global economy. With the designation of 2016 by the United Nations as the International Year of Pulses, much research has centered on understanding the evolutionary, nutritional, and agronomic impacts of beans. Both the common bean and lima bean were domesticated by indigenous peoples of the New World and are said to each have two centers of domestication: a Mesoamerican origin and an Andean origin. However, genetic studies have suggested Brazil as another center of diversity. This is supported by anthropological studies of the Canela indigenous culture of northeast Brazil who cultivate an astonishing diversity of beans, with over 60 vernacular-named varieties. To assess the genetic diversity within Brazilian cultivars, we re-sequenced the complete genomes of 29 P. lunatus and 17 P. vulgaris accessions as well as the wild species P. filiformis collected from Mexico and P. polystachios collected from Virginia. All lunatus and vulgaris accessions were from small garden plots or local markets, with the exception of one proximately collected wild accession of P. vulgaris. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were called against the P. vulgaris complete nuclear genome. Genetic diversity of Brazilian accessions was compared against SNPs from each species’ two gene pools that represent centers of domestication and population structure as examined for each species. Brazilian germplasm presents a high level of genetic diversity and should be considered for preservation and conservation to help mitigate loss of genetic diversity.

1 - National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Department of Botany, MRC 166, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013-7012, USA
2 - Smithsonian Institution, Vertebrate Zoology, P.O. Box 37012, Washington , DC, 20013, USA
3 - Smithsonian Institution, Anthropology, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, DC, 20013, USA

Keywords:
phaseolus
Fabaceae
whole genome resequencing
genetic diversity
domestication.

Presentation Type: Oral Paper
Session: 39, Crops and Wild Relatives
Location: Sundance 2/Omni Hotel
Date: Wednesday, June 28th, 2017
Time: 1:45 PM
Number: 39002
Abstract ID:143
Candidate for Awards:None